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Neo-Mercazole 5 (Carbimazole)
Neo-Mercazole general information
What is Neo-Mercazole used for?
Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg are used to treat hyperthyroidism or over-active thyroid, which causes thyrotoxicosis due to over production of thyroid hormone. The most common form of hyperthyroidism is Grave’s Disease or goitre, which is thought to be an autoimmune disease where autoantibodies called thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins bind to the receptor for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and cause loss of regulation of thyroid hormone production. Hyperthyroidism can also be caused by inflammation, a tumour or a virus infection. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism are due to increased production of thyroid hormone, which causes increased rate of metabolism. They include nervousness, restlessness, irritability difficulty concentrating, tiredness, rapid heartbeat, heat intolerance, increased perspiration, difficulty sleeping, hand tremors, weight loss, increased appetite, frequent bowel movements, and muscular weakness. Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg are used to help induce permanent remission from thyrotoxicosis; also to restore normal thyroid function before thyroid surgery to remove whole or part of the thyroid gland; also before and after treatment with radioactive iodine for overactive thyroid. Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg is not used for a simple non-toxic goitre in which the thyroid may not make enough thyroid hormone but otherwise functions normally.
How does Neo-Mercazole work?
Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg contain carbimazole, which is a pro-drug and is rapidly metabolised after absorption into its active form methimazole. This metabolite inhibits the action of thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme that is involved in the coupling and iodination of thyroglobulin, which is important for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism is due to an overactive thyroid gland and overproduction of thyroid hormone, which exists in two forms, thyroxine or levothyroxine, also known as T4 and liothyronine or L-triiodothyronine also known as T3. The production of thyroid hormone is normally regulated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the hypothalamus, at the base of the brain, and it is this regulation that is deficient in Grave’s disease. Carbimazole in Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg blocks the synthesis of thyroid hormone and thereby helps restore normal levels.
What does Neo-Mercazole contain?
Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg contain the active ingredient carbimazole, an anti-thyroid drug used to treat hyperthyroidism. They also contain: lactose, maize starch, sucrose, magnesium stearate, talc, gum acacia, ferric oxide, gelatin.
Treating hyperthyroidism with Neo-Mercazole
Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg contain carbimazole and are used to treat hyperthyroidism. Overproduction of thyroid hormone causes hyperthyroidism, also known as over-active thyroid and results in increased rate of metabolism. Hyperthyroidism exists in different forms, the most common of which is Grave’s Disease or goitre that is thought to be an autoimmune disease where autoantibodies called thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins bind to the receptor for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Hyperthyroidism can also be caused by inflammation, a tumour or a virus infection. Thyroid hormone exists in two forms, thyroxine or levothyroxine, also known as T4 and liothyronine or L-triiodothyronine also known as T3. The production of thyroid hormone is normally regulated by TSH, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the hypothalamus, at the base of the brain, and it is this regulation that is deficient in hyperthyroidism. Carbimazole in Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg inhibits the action of thyroid peroxidase, which is important in the synthesis of thyroid hormone. This action helps restore normal levels of thyroid hormone and relieves symptoms of hyperthyroidism, which include nervousness, restlessness, irritability difficulty concentrating, tiredness, rapid heartbeat, heat intolerance, increased perspiration and difficulty sleeping, hand tremors, weight loss, increased appetite, frequent bowel movements, and muscular weakness.
Neo-Mercazole for Grave’s Disease
Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg contain carbimazole, an anti-thyroid drug that is used to treat Grave’s Disease, which is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. Grave’s Disease is thought to be an autoimmune disease where autoantibodies called thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins bind to the receptor for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). The production of thyroid hormone is normally regulated by TSH, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the hypothalamus, at the base of the brain, and it is this regulation that is deficient in hyperthyroidism resulting in over-active thyroid, overproduction of thyroid hormone and increased rate of metabolism. Grave’s Disease is characterised by goitre or swelling of the thyroid gland and thyrotoxicosis (high levels of thyroid hormones), resulting in symptoms including nervousness, restlessness, irritability difficulty concentrating, tiredness, rapid heartbeat, heat intolerance, increased perspiration and difficulty sleeping, hand tremors, weight loss, increased appetite, frequent bowel movements, and muscular weakness. Carbimazole in Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg inhibits the action of thyroid peroxidase, an important enzyme in the synthesis of thyroid hormone. This action blocks the production of thyroid hormone and helps restore normal levels of thyroid hormone to relieve symptoms of Grave’s Disease.
What are the side effects of Neo-Mercazole?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg include gastrointestinal upset, nausea, headache, dizziness, paraesthesia (sensation of tingling, numbness), arthralgia (painful joints), skin rash, itching (pruritus), loss of taste. Agranulocytosis (reduced white cell count) is a possible serious side effect that should be monitored for symptoms like sore throat, bruising, bleeding, mouth ulcers, fever and malaise
When should Neo-Mercazole not be used?
You should not use Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg if you:
- are allergic to carbimazole or any ingredients in Neo-Mercazole
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding, without discussion with your doctor
- have liver disease
- have a serious haematological condition
- have a simple non-toxic goitre (swelling on the neck caused by enlargement of the thyroid gland)
- are taking medicines that interact with Neo-Mercazole, including: vitamin K-dependant anticoagulants, agranulocytosis inducing drugs, theophylline for asthma
What medications interact with Neo-Mercazole?
Several medications interact with Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Neo-Mercazole or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that cause a serious reaction with Neo-Mercazole: agranulocytosis inducing drugs
- Drugs that affect Neo-Mercazole: vitamin K-dependant anticoagulants, theophylline for asthma
How should Neo-Mercazole be taken?
You should take your Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg swallowed whole with a glass of water with or without food. The dose you take and how often will depend on the severity of your condition and your doctor’s recommendation and may be once, twice or three times a day. Your dose may be reduced depending on how well you respond. You should see an improvement within three months but you should continue to take your Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg for several months or years depending on your condition and your doctor’s recommendation.
How long should you take Neo-Mercazole?
You should continue to take your Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg for several months or years depending on your condition and your doctor’s recommendation.
Missed dose of Neo-Mercazole
If you miss a dose of Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Neo-Mercazole be stored?
You should store your Neo-Mercazole tablets 5mg below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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Cipflox (Ciprofloxacin 250mg)
Cipflox general information
What is Cipflox used for?
Cipflox tablets 250mg are an antibiotic medication used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Cipflox tablets 250mg are used to treat pneumonia (community acquired as outpatients), caused by various bacteria, but should not be the antibiotic of first choice for pneumonia caused by Pneumococcus. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also use to treat infections of the skin and soft tissue, such as impetigo and cellulitis; also of the bones and joints, which can be very painful; and infections of the abdominal cavity such as peritonitis. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also used to treat infections of the urogenital system, including adnexitis (infection and inflammation of the ovary and the fallopian tubes), prostatitis (infection and inflammation of the prostate), gonorrhoea, infections of the efferent urinary tract like cystitis and pyelonephritis (infection and inflammation of the kidney). Cipflox tablets 250mg are used to treat sepsis, which is a serious and life-threatening condition that occurs as a result of the body’s response to an infection. It is caused by chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection, which can result in damage to tissues and organs. Cipflox tablets 250mg may also be used after inhalation of anthrax spores, as post exposure prophylaxis to reduce risk of pulmonary disease. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa; also complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis due to E.coli in children over the age of 5 years.
How does Cipflox work?
Cipflox tablets 250mg contain the antibiotic ciprofloxacin that belongs to the fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics and is a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria including, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Enterobacter, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Listeria and Chlamydia. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes (bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase) needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection. Cipflox tablets 250mg do not work against viruses which use a different mechanism to grow and replicate.
What does Cipflox contain?
Cipflox tablets 250mg contain the active ingredient ciprofloxacin, a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They also contain microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch, pregelatinised maize starch, crospovidone, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, polydextrose, hypromellose, glycerol triacetate, macrogol.
Treating bacterial infection with Cipflox
Cipflox tablets 250mg contain ciprofloxacin a synthetic broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Infections that Cipflox tablets 250mg are suitable for include, pneumonia; infections of the skin, soft tissue bones and joints; infections of the urogenital system; infections of the abdominal cavity; sepsis and to reduce risk of pulmonary disease following inhalation of anthrax spores. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis and complicated urinary tract infections in children over the age of 5 years. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection.
What are the side effects of Cipflox?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Cipflox tablets 250mg include diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rash, headache, altered taste, arthralgia (joint pain). Very rarely taking Cipflox tablets 250mg is associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture with increased risk if you are over the age of 60 years, taking systemic steroids or have received a kidney, heart or lung transplant.
When should Cipflox not be used?
You should not use Cipflox tablets 250mg if you:
- are allergic to ciprofloxacin or any ingredients in Cipflox
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding
- have kidney or liver disease
- history of tendon disease/disorder related to quinolone treatment
- have epilepsy or a history of convulsion
- have a history of stroke, heart attack or heart failure, without discussion with your doctor
- have myasthenia gravis
- are taking medicines that interact with Cipflox, including the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine,, mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antiemetic metoclopramide, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
What medications interact with Cipflox?
Several medications interact with Cipflox tablets 250mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Cipflox or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that cause a serious reaction or increase side effects with Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine, theophylline for asthma, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine,
- Drugs that affect Cipflox: mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, the antiemetic metoclopramide
- Drugs that are affected by Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
How should Cipflox be taken?
You should take your Cipflox tablets 250mg swallowed whole with a glass of water, with or without food. The dose you take and how often, depends on what you are being treated for and your doctor’s recommendations, which for most infections is usually one tablet twice daily for 7 to 14 days, but the dose or length of time you need to take your Cipflox tablets 250mg for may be increased depending on the severity of your infection and your response to treatment. You should not consume dairy products that are high in calcium (milk and yoghurt) or calcium-fortified orange juice, unless they are part of a meal as this may affect the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Avoid direct exposure to excessive sunlight or UV-light as this can cause photosensitisation (sunburn-like skin reactions). You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 250mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
How long should you take Cipflox?
You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 250mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
Missed dose of Cipflox
If you miss a dose of Cipflox tablets 250mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Cipflox be stored?
You should store your Cipflox tablets 250mg below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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Rifakem-550 (Rifaximin 550mg)
Rifakem-550 general information
What is Rifakem-550 used for?
Rifakem 550 is an antibiotic used to treat hepatic encephalopathy (HE) to prevent its recurrence, where other treatments have failed or are contraindicated. HE is a neuropsychiatric condition in which there is a loss of brain function due to liver damage, such as cirrhosis. This results in a build-up of toxins like ammonia in the blood, which causes symptoms including confusion, difficulty thinking, loss of fine hand movements, behaviour changes and a musty or sweet smelling breath. It is thought that an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota (good versus bad bacteria) with a higher proportion of pathogenic bacteria, may contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases including liver cirrhosis. Rifakem-550 is effective against a wide range of intestinal bacteria, including those like Streptococcus salivarius that produce ammonia. Ammonia is a toxin that a healthy liver would convert into urea which is then excreted in the urine, but in a damaged liver this process is impaired. Rifakem tablets 550mg help restore the balance in the composition of intestinal bacteria and reduce risk of HE and its recurrence1. Rifakem-550 cannot be used to treat other infections as it is not absorbed into the blood and therefore, only acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract to kill local bacteria.
How does Rifakem-550 work?
Rifakem tablets 550mg contain rifaximin, a locally acting antibiotic belonging to the rifamycin class of antibiotics. It is a non-systemic antibiotic, which means it acts locally in the intestines and is not absorbed into the circulation. Rifaximin in Rifakem 550 works by binding to the bacterial enzyme DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and this action inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis. This prevents RNA transcription and thereby the production of bacterial proteins, which inhibits growth of the bacteria. Rifaximin in Rifakem 550 is effective against bacteria that break down proteins in the intestines by the process of deamination resulting in ammonia production, reducing the high blood levels of ammonia that contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy2-5.
What does Rifakem-550 contain?
Rifakem tablets contain the active ingredient rifaximin 550mg, a locally acting antibiotic used to prevent the recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy where other treatments have failed or are contraindicated.
Rifakem-550 for hepatic encephalopathy
Rifakem tablets 550mg contain rifaximin, a locally acting antibiotic that is used to treat hepatic encephalopathy to prevent its recurrence where other treatments have failed or are contraindicated. Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric condition in which there is a loss of brain function due to liver damage, such as cirrhosis. This results in a build-up of toxins in the blood, such as ammonia which causes symptoms including confusion, difficulty thinking, loss of fine hand movements, behaviour changes and a musty or sweet smelling breath. Rifaximin in Rifakem 550 is effective against bacteria that break down proteins in the intestines by deamination resulting in ammonia production. A healthy liver would normally convert ammonia into urea which is then excreted in the urine, but in a damaged liver this process is impaired. Rifaximin in Rifakem-550 inhibits growth of ammonia producing bacteria, reducing the high blood levels of ammonia that contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.
What are the side effects of Rifakem-550?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Rifakem-550 include dizziness, headache, fever, fatigue, abdominal pain, constipation, defecation urgency, diarrhoea, flatulence, bloating and distension, nausea and vomiting, oedema, rash. Rifakem-550 can result in Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD), which is a more serious form of diarrhoea ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening and is due to the changes in intestinal flora that happens when taking antibiotics.
When should Rifakem-550 not be used?
You should not use Rifakem-550 if you:
- are allergic to rifaximin or any ingredients in Rifakem-550
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding
- have severe liver disease, without discussion with your doctor
- have any form of intestinal obstruction
- are taking medicines that interact with Rifakem-550, including other rifamycin antibiotics and the immunosuppressant ciclosporin. Rifakem-550 reduces the effect of warfarin
How should Rifakem-550 be taken?
For hepatic encephalopathy you should take your Rifakem-550 swallowed whole with a glass of water with or without food twice daily for 6 months. The dose you take should be as recommended by your doctor. You should only continue to take your Rifakem-550 beyond 6 months based on your doctor’s recommendation, after evaluation by your doctor of how well you are responding and any side effects you are experiencing.
How long should you take Rifakem-550?
You should only continue to take your Rifakem-550 beyond 6 months based on your doctor’s recommendation, after evaluation by your doctor of how well you re responding and any side effects you are experiencing.
Missed dose of Rifakem-550
If you miss a dose of Rifakem-550 take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Rifakem-550 be stored?
You should store your Rifakem-550 below 25°C in a cool dry place.
References
- Ponziani FR, Gerardi V, Pecere S, D'Aversa F, Lopetuso L, Zocco MA, Pompili M, Gasbarrini A. Effect of rifaximin on gut microbiota composition in advanced liver disease and its complications. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Nov 21;21(43):12322-33.
- Zeng X, Tang XJ, Sheng X, Ni W, Xin HG, et al. Does low-dose rifaximin ameliorate endotoxemia in patients with liver cirrhosis: a prospective study. J Dig Dis 2015 Nov;16(11):665-74.
- Shayto RH, Abou Mrad R, Sharara AI. Use of rifaximin in gastrointestinal and liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Aug 7;22(29):6638-51.
- Peleman C, Camilleri M. Rifaximin, Microbiota Biology, and Hepatic Encephalopathy. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2016 Oct 6;7(10):
- Iadevaia MD, Del Prete A, Cesaro C, Gaeta L, Zulli C, Loguercio C. Rifaximin in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Hepat Med 2011; 3: 109–117.
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Cipflox (Ciprofloxacin 750mg)
Cipflox general information
What is Cipflox used for?
Cipflox tablets 750mg are an antibiotic medication used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Cipflox tablets 750mg are used to treat pneumonia (community acquired as outpatients), caused by various bacteria, but should not be the antibiotic of first choice for pneumonia caused by Pneumococcus. Cipflox tablets 750mg are also use to treat infections of the skin and soft tissue, such as impetigo and cellulitis; also of the bones and joints, which can be very painful; and infections of the abdominal cavity such as peritonitis. Cipflox tablets 750mg are also used to treat infections of the urogenital system, including adnexitis (infection and inflammation of the ovary and the fallopian tubes), prostatitis (infection and inflammation of the prostate), gonorrhoea, infections of the efferent urinary tract like cystitis and pyelonephritis (infection and inflammation of the kidney). Cipflox tablets 750mg are used to treat sepsis, which is a serious and life-threatening condition that occurs as a result of the body’s response to an infection. It is caused by chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection, which can result in damage to tissues and organs. Cipflox tablets 750mg may also be used after inhalation of anthrax spores, as post exposure prophylaxis to reduce risk of pulmonary disease. Cipflox tablets 750mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa; also complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis due to E.coli in children over the age of 5 years.
How does Cipflox work?
Cipflox tablets 750mg contain the antibiotic ciprofloxacin that belongs to the fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics and is a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria including, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Enterobacter, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Listeria and Chlamydia. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 750mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes (bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase) needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 750mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection. Cipflox tablets 750mg do not work against viruses which use a different mechanism to grow and replicate.
What does Cipflox contain?
Cipflox tablets 750mg contain the active ingredient ciprofloxacin, a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They also contain microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch, pregelatinised maize starch, crospovidone, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, polydextrose, hypromellose, glycerol triacetate, macrogol.
Treating bacterial infection with Cipflox
Cipflox tablets 750mg contain ciprofloxacin a synthetic broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Infections that Cipflox tablets 750mg are suitable for include, pneumonia; infections of the skin, soft tissue bones and joints; infections of the urogenital system; infections of the abdominal cavity; sepsis and to reduce risk of pulmonary disease following inhalation of anthrax spores. Cipflox tablets 750mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis and complicated urinary tract infections in children over the age of 5 years. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 750mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 750mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection.
What are the side effects of Cipflox?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Cipflox tablets 750mg include diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rash, headache, altered taste, arthralgia (joint pain). Very rarely taking Cipflox tablets 750mg is associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture with increased risk if you are over the age of 60 years, taking systemic steroids or have received a kidney, heart or lung transplant.
When should Cipflox not be used?
You should not use Cipflox tablets 750mg if you:
- are allergic to ciprofloxacin or any ingredients in Cipflox
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding
- have kidney or liver disease
- history of tendon disease/disorder related to quinolone treatment
- have epilepsy or a history of convulsion
- have a history of stroke, heart attack or heart failure, without discussion with your doctor
- have myasthenia gravis
- are taking medicines that interact with Cipflox, including the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine,, mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antiemetic metoclopramide, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
What medications interact with Cipflox?
Several medications interact with Cipflox tablets 750mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Cipflox or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that cause a serious reaction or increase side effects with Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine, theophylline for asthma, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine,
- Drugs that affect Cipflox: mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, the antiemetic metoclopramide
- Drugs that are affected by Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
How should Cipflox be taken?
You should take your Cipflox tablets 750mg swallowed whole with a glass of water, with or without food. The dose you take and how often, depends on what you are being treated for and your doctor’s recommendations, which for most infections is usually one tablet twice daily for 7 to 14 days, but the dose or length of time you need to take your Cipflox tablets 750mg for may be increased depending on the severity of your infection and your response to treatment. You should not consume dairy products that are high in calcium (milk and yoghurt) or calcium-fortified orange juice, unless they are part of a meal as this may affect the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Avoid direct exposure to excessive sunlight or UV-light as this can cause photosensitisation (sunburn-like skin reactions). You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 750mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
How long should you take Cipflox?
You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 750mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
Missed dose of Cipflox
If you miss a dose of Cipflox tablets 750mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Cipflox be stored?
You should store your Cipflox tablets 750mg below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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Cipflox (Ciprofloxacin 500mg)
Cipflox general information
What is Cipflox used for?
Cipflox tablets 500mg are an antibiotic medication used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Cipflox tablets 500mg are used to treat pneumonia (community acquired as outpatients), caused by various bacteria, but should not be the antibiotic of first choice for pneumonia caused by Pneumococcus. Cipflox tablets 500mg are also use to treat infections of the skin and soft tissue, such as impetigo and cellulitis; also of the bones and joints, which can be very painful; and infections of the abdominal cavity such as peritonitis. Cipflox tablets 500mg are also used to treat infections of the urogenital system, including adnexitis (infection and inflammation of the ovary and the fallopian tubes), prostatitis (infection and inflammation of the prostate), gonorrhoea, infections of the efferent urinary tract like cystitis and pyelonephritis (infection and inflammation of the kidney). Cipflox tablets 500mg are used to treat sepsis, which is a serious and life-threatening condition that occurs as a result of the body’s response to an infection. It is caused by chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection, which can result in damage to tissues and organs. Cipflox tablets 500mg may also be used after inhalation of anthrax spores, as post exposure prophylaxis to reduce risk of pulmonary disease. Cipflox tablets 500mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa; also complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis due to E.coli in children over the age of 5 years.
How does Cipflox work?
Cipflox tablets 500mg contain the antibiotic ciprofloxacin that belongs to the fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics and is a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria including, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Enterobacter, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Listeria and Chlamydia. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 500mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes (bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase) needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 500mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection. Cipflox tablets 500mg do not work against viruses which use a different mechanism to grow and replicate.
What does Cipflox contain?
Cipflox tablets 500mg contain the active ingredient ciprofloxacin, a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They also contain microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch, pregelatinised maize starch, crospovidone, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, polydextrose, hypromellose, glycerol triacetate, macrogol.
Treating bacterial infection with Cipflox
Cipflox tablets 500mg contain ciprofloxacin a synthetic broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Infections that Cipflox tablets 500mg are suitable for include, pneumonia; infections of the skin, soft tissue bones and joints; infections of the urogenital system; infections of the abdominal cavity; sepsis and to reduce risk of pulmonary disease following inhalation of anthrax spores. Cipflox tablets 500mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis and complicated urinary tract infections in children over the age of 5 years. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 500mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 500mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection.
What are the side effects of Cipflox?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Cipflox tablets 500mg include diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rash, headache, altered taste, arthralgia (joint pain). Very rarely taking Cipflox tablets 500mg is associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture with increased risk if you are over the age of 60 years, taking systemic steroids or have received a kidney, heart or lung transplant.
When should Cipflox not be used?
You should not use Cipflox tablets 500mg if you:
- are allergic to ciprofloxacin or any ingredients in Cipflox
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding
- have kidney or liver disease
- history of tendon disease/disorder related to quinolone treatment
- have epilepsy or a history of convulsion
- have a history of stroke, heart attack or heart failure, without discussion with your doctor
- have myasthenia gravis
- are taking medicines that interact with Cipflox, including the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine,, mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antiemetic metoclopramide, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
What medications interact with Cipflox?
Several medications interact with Cipflox tablets 500mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Cipflox or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that cause a serious reaction or increase side effects with Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine, theophylline for asthma, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine,
- Drugs that affect Cipflox: mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, the antiemetic metoclopramide
- Drugs that are affected by Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
How should Cipflox be taken?
You should take your Cipflox tablets 500mg swallowed whole with a glass of water, with or without food. The dose you take and how often, depends on what you are being treated for and your doctor’s recommendations, which for most infections is usually one tablet twice daily for 7 to 14 days, but the dose or length of time you need to take your Cipflox tablets 500mg for may be increased depending on the severity of your infection and your response to treatment. You should not consume dairy products that are high in calcium (milk and yoghurt) or calcium-fortified orange juice, unless they are part of a meal as this may affect the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Avoid direct exposure to excessive sunlight or UV-light as this can cause photosensitisation (sunburn-like skin reactions). You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 500mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
How long should you take Cipflox?
You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 500mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
Missed dose of Cipflox
If you miss a dose of Cipflox tablets 500mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Cipflox be stored?
You should store your Cipflox tablets 500mg below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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